The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the French league winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to take a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a convincing penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.